Sociology as a Science: Bridging the Two
Sociology is often described as “the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society” (Oxford Dictionaries). At its core, it is the study of human interaction, or how we live together, create systems, and adapt to change. While some debate whether sociology should be considered a true science, a closer look can reveal that it shares the same foundations as fields like biology, chemistry, or physics: observation, research, and systematic analysis.
Just as scientists study ecosystems to understand how organisms interact within nature, sociologists analyze societies to uncover patterns of human behavior. A rainforest, for example, is shaped by countless interactions between plants, animals, and their environment. Human society is no different; our cultures, institutions, and relationships form an intricate web that evolves over time. Sociology, through surveys, case studies, and research, works to map out these complexities. Sociology uses various methods of investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order, acceptance, and change or social evolution. This mirrors the way natural sciences use experiments to uncover the principles of the physical world.
Science, broadly defined, is “the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment” (Oxford Dictionaries). When applied to human society, sociology fits seamlessly into this definition. By observing behavior, analyzing data, and testing theories, sociology expands our understanding of how societies function and why they change.
Technology further demonstrates this overlap. Social media platforms, for example, have become living laboratories for sociologists. Each click, share, and comment reveals insights into group behavior, cultural trends, and even the spread of misinformation. While computer scientists may design the algorithms that power these platforms, sociologists study the ripple effects on communities and mental health. In this way, sociology complements technology by asking not just what works, but what it means for human society.
Ultimately, sociology belongs within the realm of science because it uses evidence-based methods to explain a fundamental part of our world: ourselves. Just as physics explains gravity and biology explains ecosystems, sociology explains the invisible forces of culture, tradition, and social structure that guide our lives. In an age where technology reshapes human interaction at an unprecedented pace, sociology is more important than ever; it reminds us that behind every innovation, there are people whose behaviors, values, and relationships must also be understood.
